Born on This Day: April 27

English writer whose defense of women’s education and equality became foundational to modern feminism.

American inventor and artist whose telegraph system and code transformed long-distance communication.

English philosopher whose writings on society, evolution, and individualism influenced nineteenth-century thought.

American general and president whose Civil War leadership preserved the Union and whose administration defended Reconstruction.

American actor whose stage and television performances influenced modern character acting and situation comedy.

American civil-rights leader who extended nonviolent activism into movements for peace, equality, and human rights.

American broadcaster whose countdown programs helped standardize national popular-music radio.

Scottish singer whose international recordings became influential in 1980s popular music.