Born on This Day: October 2

English king whose brief reign and death at Bosworth ended the Plantagenet dynasty and shaped national historical memory.

Scottish chemist whose discovery of the noble gases transformed the periodic table and modern chemistry.

Indian leader whose nonviolent resistance helped win independence and inspired civil-rights movements worldwide.

American poet whose philosophical and imaginative verse became central to modern literature.

American comedian whose verbal wit and screen performances profoundly influenced comedy.

English novelist whose fiction explored politics, faith, betrayal, and moral ambiguity.

American actor and activist whose artistic work and civil-rights advocacy expanded Black representation in theater and film.

English musician and songwriter whose work with the Police and as a solo artist influenced rock, pop, and humanitarian advocacy.