The Kingdom of Hawaii is overthrown on January 17, 1893 in a coup d'état against Queen Liliokalani and her government by a group of American and European businessmen led by Sanford B. Dole who called themselves the "Committee of Safety".
The group composed of 13 Caucasian businessmen and lawyers, six citizens of the Kingdom and seven foreign residents of Hawaii (five Americans, one Scotsman, and one German). Their ultimate goal was annexation to the United States. However it took five years until that goal was achieved. More
