Solomon's son Rehoboam ascends to the throne of the Kingdom of Judah after Solomon's death, leading to the division of the United Monarchy.
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What Happened in March?
The first Olympic games, the founding of dynasties, and legendary battles. Explore historic milestones from March that influenced today's world. Dates for earlier events may be approximate.
Note: Sources for the historical content shown, include research and reviews of relevant Online History Resources or printed material. When possible, we show a link to a source which provides additional or unique perspective about the event.
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The approximate time when King Solomon is believed to have begun construction of the First Temple in Jerusalem.
The first recorded Olympic Games in ancient Greece take place in Olympia.
Israel's northern kingdom, Samaria, falls to the Assyrians, leading to the exile of the Israelites.
c. 597 BCE
The Babylonian army, led by Nebuchadnezzar II, captures Jerusalem in 597 BCE and deposes King Jehoiachin exiling him to Babylon. In his place, the Babylonians installed Mattaniah, as a puppet king, changing his name to Zedekiah, a vassal king meant to be loyal to Babylon.
Zedekiah would later rebel against Babylon, leading to the final destruction of Jerusalem in 587/586 BCE.
c. 586 BCE
The Babylonian siege of Jerusalem begins, leading to the eventual destruction of the First Temple.
486-483 BCE
Siddhartha Gautama, the Buddha, dies at the age of 80 in Kushinagar, India. More
The founding of the Qin Dynasty in China marks the beginning of Imperial China.
The Battle of Zama takes place in what is now Tunisia between a Roman army commanded by Scipio Africanus and a Carthaginian army commanded by Hannibal. The battle was part of the Second Punic War and resulted in such a severe defeat for the Carthaginians that they capitulated, while Hannibal was forced into exile.
Julius Caesar is assassinated by a group of Roman senators, including Brutus and Cassius, in the Roman Senate on March 15, 44 BCE (The Ides of March) at the Theatre of Pompey. The assassination resulted in the rise of the Roman Empire under Caesar's grandnephew, Octavian (Augustus).
Circa 1 BCE, March
Herod the Great dies, according to historical calculations by some scholars.
Germanic tribes led by Arminius defeat the Roman legions at the Battle of Idistaviso.
Roman Emperor Tiberius dies, and Caligula becomes Emperor.
Caligula, Roman Emperor, is assassinated, and Claudius becomes the new Emperor.
Nero, Roman Emperor, is given the title of Pontifex Maximus, the high priest of the College of Pontiffs.
Roman Emperor Galba is assassinated by the Praetorian Guard, leading to the Year of the Four Emperors.
Roman Emperor Titus, famous for completing the Colosseum, dies.
Trajan becomes Roman Emperor after the death of Nerva, starting the golden age of the Roman Empire.
Roman Emperor Trajan dies, and Hadrian becomes Emperor.
Pertinax, Roman Emperor, is assassinated by the Praetorian Guard, leading to the Year of the Five Emperors.