Pope Boniface VIII issues the papal bull "Unam Sanctam," on November 18, 1302 one of the most extreme assertions of papal supremacy over secular authority in history. The bull declared that submission to the Roman Pontiff was "absolutely necessary for salvation" for all human creatures.
It maintained that both the spiritual and temporal authority ultimately belonged to the Church, although the Church could grant secular authority at their discretion. The bull was issued during a conflict between Boniface and King Philip IV of France over issues like clergy taxation.
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