The Mamluk Sultanate of Egypt army, led by Sultan Qutuz and General Baibars, decisively defeats a Mongol force under Kitbuqa at the Battle of Ain Jalut in Palestine on September 3, 1260, ending the perception of Mongol invincibility and halting the Mongol Empire westward expansion.
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What Happened in September?
Battles, deaths, and monumental religious moments. Explore significant events from September that helped shape the world. Dates for earlier events may be approximate.
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Hulagu Khan, Mongol ruler, is defeated at the Battle of Ain Jalut on September 3, 1260, in present-day Israel by the Mamluk Sultanate of Egypt; halting Mongol expansion into the Middle East.
Marco Polo sets off on his journey to the East, embarking in Venice on a 24-year exploration of Asia and becoming one of the most famous European explorers. The journey followed the Silk Road, traveling through what are now Iran and Afghanistan, and involved crossing deserts, mountains, and hostile territories. Marco Polo returned to Venice in 1295 to find their family and neighbors believed them to be dead.
The Battle of Evesham takes place during the Second Barons' War in England, resulting in a decisive victory for King Edward I over rebel forces.
The Battle of Stirling Bridge is fought during the First War of Scottish Independence, where Scottish forces led by William Wallace defeat the English army.
The Treaty of Alcañices is signed between King Denis of Portugal and King Ferdinand IV of Castile signed on September 12, 1297, resolving territorial disputes and establishing the border between the two kingdoms, one of the oldest and most stable borders in Europe, often referred to as La Raya or A Raia.
The agreement also fostered an alliance between Portugal and Castile. It ended conflicts, fostered an alliance of friendship and mutual defense, leading to decades of peace.
Pope Boniface VIII is captured by agents of King Philip IV of France on September 7,1303, leading to a conflict between the papacy and the French monarchy.
Pope Boniface VIII is captured by agents of King Philip IV of France, on September 7, 1303 leading to a conflict between the papacy and the French monarchy.
The Battle of Bannockburn takes place during the First War of Scottish Independence, resulting in a decisive victory for the Kingdom of Scotland against the Kingdom of England.
The Battle of Mühldorf occurs between the Duchy of Bavaria and the Archduchy of Austria. The Bavarians were led by German King Louis of Wittelsbach, while the Austrians were under the command of his cousin, Anti-king Frederick of Habsburg. The Bavarian forces, loyal to Emperor Louis IV defeat the Habsburgs, securing Louis' position as Holy Roman Emperor.
Isabella of France and Roger Mortimer invade England with a mercenary army, on September 24, 1326, landing in Suffolk to overthrow King Edward II. The invasion had a high degree of support, leading to the capture of Edward II. His forced abdication took place on January 21, 1327. His son Edward III was crowned King of England in Westminster Abbey at age 14 on February 1, 1327.
Edward Balliol, supported by Edward III from England, is crowned King of Scotland in Scone in the second war of Scottish Independent. His reign was short-lived and he was forced to flee Scotland less than three months later.
The English fleet, commanded in person by King Edward III almost completely destroyed the French fleet near the coast of Holland on September 23, 1338 at the Battle of Arnemuiden at the start of the Hundred Years' War.
The Battle of Sluys takes place during the Hundred Years' War, with the English fleet under King Edward III achieving a major victory over the French fleet.
The Battle of Blanchetaque is fought during the Crécy campaign of the Hundred Years' War, where the English army successfully crosses the River Somme to engage the French forces.
King John II of France, is captured by the English during the Battle of Poitiers by the English forces led by Edward the Black Prince in a decisive English victory during the Hundred Years' War. A significant set-back for the French crown which led to the eventual negotiations of the Treaty of Brétigny.
Clement VII is elected on September 20, 1378 as a rival pope in Avignon by a majority of the cardinals seceding from Rome. The events leading to the Western Schism began after Pope Gregory XI's death in March 1378, with the election of Urban VI on April 8, 1378,
The creation of two competing papal claimants divided the Catholic Church. The schism was finally resolved 40 years later at the Council of Constance in 1417-1418 , which led to the election of a single pope, Martin V.
The Battle of Kulikovo takes place during the Mongol invasion of Russia, where the forces of Grand Prince Dmitry of Moscow defeated the Mongol army. The victory did not end Mongol domination over Russia but it is traditionally regarded as the turning point at which Mongol influence began to wane and Moscow's power began to rise.
King Charles VI of France ordered that all Jewish people be expelled from the kingdom. More
The Crusade against the Ottoman Empire, led by the government of King Charles VI of France, comes to an abrupt end with the catastrophic defeat at the Battle of Nicopolis on September 25, 1396.