Born on This Day: June 7

Scottish physician whose introduction of chloroform anesthesia transformed surgery and childbirth.

French artist whose color, symbolism, and rejection of naturalism influenced modern painting.

American physician who created the Apgar score, transforming the assessment and survival of newborn infants.

American singer and actor whose relaxed style became a defining part of postwar entertainment.

American poet whose work portrayed Black urban life with formal innovation and lasting literary influence.

Welsh singer whose powerful voice and long international career have influenced popular music and performance.

Turkish novelist whose works explore memory, identity, history, and cultural exchange.

American musician whose songwriting, performance, production, and independence transformed popular music.