Born on This Day: July 3

French explorer and cartographer whose settlements and maps helped establish New France and shape early Canadian history.

American composer, playwright, and performer whose patriotic songs and productions helped define Broadway musical theater.

Czech-born German-language writer whose fiction transformed modern literature and the language of alienation and bureaucracy.

British filmmaker whose visually bold work expanded the possibilities of biographical and musical cinema.

American geologist and astronaut whose Apollo 17 mission advanced lunar science and human exploration.

British playwright whose intellectually inventive dramas have influenced modern theater.

American attorney whose advocacy has influenced women’s rights, workplace equality, and public-interest law.

American writer whose satirical and compassionate fiction has influenced contemporary short stories and social criticism.