The first constitution of Czechoslovakia after World War I was adopted on February 29, 1920. It established a unified, centrist democratic government and a single "Czechoslovak nation" . creating tensions as the larger Czech population was perceived as dominating the government.
In 1989, the peaceful "Velvet Revolution" ended the country's communist regime and re-established a multiparty democracy. However, instead of unifying the nation, the disagreements between the Czech and Slovak leaders intensified. Following the 1992 elections, the leaders of the Czech and Slovak parliaments negotiated an end to the federation. The Federal Assembly officially voted to dissolve the country in November 1992 and a peaceful split became effective on January 1, 1993, with Czechoslovakia being replaced by two independent sovereign states: the Czech Republic and Slovakia.
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