The Concordat of Worms is signed on September 23, 1122, in the city of Worms, Germany, by Pope Callixtus II and Holy Roman Emperor Henry V, taking a significant step in separating church and state and bringing a peaceful end to a major power struggle between the papacy and the Holy Roman Empire.
The compromise agreement resolved the long standing Investiture Controversy conflict over the right to appoint church officials, establishing the pope having the sole right to appoint them and the emperor having the authority to grant them secular power with the symbols of secular authority, such as land and titles.
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