Forces of the Royal Italian Army enter Rome and take control of the city; eliminating the last remnants of the Papal territories and marking the end of the temporal power of the Pope.
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What Happened in September?
Battles, deaths, and monumental religious moments. Explore significant events from September that helped shape the world. Dates for earlier events may be approximate.
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The prominent banking firm of Jay Cooke and Company, which was heavily invested in railroad construction, closes its doors as it could no longer sell enough railroad bonds to meet its obligations, leading to a crisis of confidence triggering bank runs and failures throughout the country and plunging the United States into a severe depression referred to as the Panic of 1873.
Crazy Horse is fatally wounded four months after surrendering to U.S. troops under General George Crook at Camp Robinson in northwestern Nebraska. He was wounded by a military guard in a scuffle with soldiers who were trying to imprison him in a cell. He died shortly thereafter.
Construction on a Crazy Horse Memorial Monument carving was started in 1948 into the Harney Peak leucogranite on Thunder Mountain. The project is being constructed on private land and funded without Federal or local Government money. More.
Credit: Crazy Horse Memorial Org.
A group of 150 white coal miners in Rock Springs, Wyoming, attacked the Chinese workers, killing 28, wounding 15 others, and driving several hundred more out of town. More
Geronimo, also known as Goyathlay, hands his rifle to a U.S. General bringing the Apache armed resistance to an end after his tribe had been relocated to a reservation in Arizona 14 years earlier. His military resistance with his tiny band of Chiricahuas made him feared by white settlers.
After his surrender, Goyathlay and about 30 followers, including children, were sent to Fort Marion in St. Augustine, destined fto years of imprisonment. On his deathbed, he confessed to his nephew that he regretted his decision to surrender. His last words were reported to be: "I should have never surrendered. I should have fought until I was the last man alive." He dictated his autobiography "Geronimo's Story of his Life" to S.M Barrett Superintendent of Education, Lawton.
U.S. Patent No. 388,850 is granted to George Eastman for the Kodak camera. He also registered the trademark "Kodak". The patent marked a significant moment in photography by introducing a small, handheld, and easy-to-use box camera loaded with roll film.
This innovation made photography accessible to the general public, allowing them to "press the button, we do the rest" by sending the completed camera back to the factory for film development, prints, and a reload. More
Source: Smithsonian - National Museum of American History.
The first issue of National Geographic Magazine is published, nine months after the founding of the National Geographic Society. The initial publication was a scholarly journal, focusing on geographical topics and lacking photographs. In January 1905 the first photo feature appeared, depicting views of Lhasa, Tibet, leading to the magazine becoming known for its innovative use of photography to document discovery and travel.
Church President Wilford Woodruff releases its Anti-polygamy "Manifesto" officially advising the Mormon community, against any future plural marriage in the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (LDS). Upon its issuance, the LDS Church in conference accepted Woodruff's Manifesto as "authoritative and binding".
While the Manifesto officially ended new plural marriages, it did not affect the status of those already in practice. Many polygamists continued to live with their plural wives. Reportedly, Wilford Woodruff practiced plural marriage at the time. In 1904 the Church made polygamy a cause for excommunication. The Manifesto was a response to mounting anti-polygamy pressure from the United States Congress, which by 1890 had disincorporated the church, escheated its assets to the U.S. federal government, and imprisoned many prominent polygamist Mormons. The declaration was a significant step for the Mormon Church to gain statehood for Utah and to integrate into mainstream American society by officially ending the practice of polygamy.
James J. Corbett defeats John L. Sullivan in the first heavyweight championship boxing match using boxing gloves, on September 7, 1892, in New Orleans, under Marquess of Queensberry rules.
The largest land run in U.S. history occurred as more than 100,000 white settlers rushed to claim over more than 6 million acres of land to claim valuable land that had once belonged to Native Americans in what is now northern Oklahoma. The mad dash began with a single gun shot, and land-hungry pioneers on horseback and in carriages raced forward to stake their claims to the best acres.
Under the provisions of the Homestead Act of 1862, a legal settler could claim 160 acres of public land, and those who lived on and improved the claim for five years could receive a title to the land. More
New Zealand governor, Lord Glasgow, signs a new Electoral Act into law which makes New Zealand the first self-governing country in the world in which women had the right to vote in parliamentary elections. Teo months later, on November 28, 1893 Women in New Zealand become the first in the world to vote in a national election. More
US President Grover Cleveland signs Proclamation 369 - Granting Amnesty and Pardon to the Mormon community, members of the Church of Latter-Day Saints (LDS), for the Offenses of Polygamy, Bigamy, Adultery, or Unlawful Cohabitation. The pardon helped clear the path for Utah to achieve statehood in 1896. More
The United States second-class battleship Maine is commissioned on September 17, 1895 at the New York Navy Yard. The 6,682-ton armored vessel was designed to modernize the fleet but was largely considered obsolete upon completion. The Maine, famously sank in Havana Harbor on February 15, 1898 killing over 260 American crew members.
The first ever recorded drunk driving arrest takes place in London on September 10, 1897. The driver was a man named George Smith who was a taxi cab driver in London. He was drinking and driving and crashed into a building, he was arrested for drunk driving and pleaded guilty to the charge. Smith was sentenced to pay 25 shillings.
The first DUI charge in the United States occurred in 1910 when New York became the first state to prohibit drunk driving. No specific individual name was recorded.
The world's first recorded automobile accident occurs in New York City, involving a motor vehicle and a cyclist.
Gold is discovered in Nome, Alaska, on September 20, 1898 by the "Three Lucky Swedes" (Jafet Lindeberg, Erik Lindblom, and John Brynteson) on Anvil Creek, leading to a massive gold rush. More
The United States captures the city of Manila during the Spanish-American War, establishing American control over the Philippines. Spanish - American War Historical Timeline
A major hurricane, the nation's deadliest natural disaster, destroys the island city of Galveston,on September 8, 1900, with winds of 130 to 140 miles per hour and a storm surge in excess of 15 feet. It is believed that more than 8,000 lives on Galveston Island and several thousand more on the mainland were lost.
In Galveston, it destroyed at least 2,600 houses and left thousands more damaged. The city's property losses were estimated at $30 million Dollars. More
Image Credit: : The Galvenston History Org.
William McKinley, the 25th president of the United States, is shot and mortally wounded by anarchist Leon Czolgosz at the Pan-American Exposition in Buffalo, New York. President McKinley died days later on September 14. Theodore Roosevelt was immediately sworn in as president.
He was the third American president to be assassinated, following Abraham Lincoln in 1865 and James A. Garfield in 1881. More
The Boxer Rebellion officially ends with the signing of the Boxer Protocol treaty between China's Qing Dynasty and the Eight-Nation Alliance. The Boxer Rebellion had started circa November 1899. The protocol also imposed a massive war indemnity on China and weakened the already struggling Qing government. The Qing dynasty was overthrown in 1911 and the Republic of China was established the following year, bringing an end to more than 2,000 years of imperial dynastic rule.
The Protocol authorized the stationing of foreign troops in China, It also mandated the dismantling of Chinese defenses, prohibited the importation of arms, and forced the disbandment of anti-foreign groups.The protocol solidified foreign influence and control over China's affairs and served as a symbol of China's then weakness and vulnerability to foreign powers.