Born on This Day: February 16

German scholar and reformer whose writings systematized Lutheran theology and reshaped education across Protestant Europe.

French admiral and Huguenot leader whose career became central to the political and religious struggles of sixteenth-century France.

American senator and vice president whose antislavery politics and Reconstruction work influenced the expansion of civil rights.

German biologist whose research, illustrations, and evolutionary writings shaped zoology and public understanding of life’s diversity.

American diplomat and historian whose analysis of Soviet power helped shape the United States policy of containment.

Chess champion whose dominance in women’s competition helped establish international recognition for women in competitive chess.

American restaurateur who, with his brother Maurice, developed a rapid-service system that transformed the global fast-food industry.

North Korean leader whose rule shaped the country’s political system, nuclear program, and international isolation.